•Increased frequency, duration and
intensity of droughts;
increased coastal and inland flooding
–Restricted access to
ports and shipping channels for inland waterways
–Mode shift – e.g., from inland
waterways to highways due to changes in reliability
•Increase in magnitude & duration of severe heat
waves
–Mandatory freight diversion to more robust alternate
routes
–Dynamic or seasonal
restrictions for trucks or rail during times of high heat, reducing either acceptable speed or
weight
–Policy and regulation
changes to restrict truck size and weights